採用OPENSSL指令來設定SSL，以下的動作需要root/su的權限才行。
參考網址：
http://wiki.centos.org/HowTos/Https
http://www.sslshopper.com/article-most-common-openssl-commands.html
1. 首先下載OpenSSL, openssl官網：http://www.openssl.org/
yum install mod_ssl openssl
2. 產生ㄧ個self-signed certificate
# 產生私有鑰匙 private key
openssl genrsa -out ca.key 1024
# 產生 CSR
openssl req -new -key ca.key -out ca.csr
# 產生 Self Signed Key
openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in ca.csr -signkey ca.key -out ca.crt
# 將上述的檔案復制到正確的目錄
cp ca.crt /etc/pki/tls/certs
cp ca.key /etc/pki/tls/private/ca.key
cp ca.csr /etc/pki/tls/private/ca.csr
3. 修改/etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl.conf
....
SSLCertificateFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/pki/tls/private/ca.key
...
4. 重新啓動httpd
service httpd restart
5. 設定虛擬主機（Virtual Hosting）
<VirtualHost *:443>
SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/pki/tls/private/ca.key
<Directory /var/www/vhosts/yoursite.com/httpsdocs>
AllowOverride All
</Directory>
DocumentRoot /var/www/vhosts/yoursite.com/httpsdocs
ServerName yoursite.com
</VirtualHost>
6. 重新啓動httpd
service httpd restart
7. 設定防火牆
iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
/sbin/service iptables save
iptables -L -v
8 其他openssl主要指令集：
These commands allow you to generate CSRs, Certificates, Private Keys and do other miscellaneous tasks.
Generate a new private key and Certificate Signing Request
openssl req -out CSR.csr -new -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -keyout privateKey.key
Generate a self-signed certificate (see How to Create and Install an Apache Self Signed Certificate for more info)
openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout privateKey.key -out certificate.crt
Generate a certificate signing request (CSR) for an existing private key
openssl req -out CSR.csr -key privateKey.key -new
Generate a certificate signing request based on an existing certificate
openssl x509 -x509toreq -in certificate.crt -out CSR.csr -signkey privateKey.key
Remove a passphrase from a private key
openssl rsa -in privateKey.pem -out newPrivateKey.pem
Checking Using OpenSSL
If you need to check the information within a Certificate, CSR or Private Key, use these commands. You can also check CSRs and check certificates using our online tools.
Check a Certificate Signing Request (CSR)
openssl req -text -noout -verify -in CSR.csr
Check a private key
openssl rsa -in privateKey.key -check
Check a certificate
openssl x509 -in certificate.crt -text -noout
Check a PKCS#12 file (.pfx or .p12)
openssl pkcs12 -info -in keyStore.p12
Debugging Using OpenSSL
If you are receiving an error that the private doesn’t match the certificate or that a certificate that you installed to a site is not trusted, try one of these commands. If you are trying to verify that an SSL certificate is installed correctly, be sure to check out the SSL Checker.
Check an MD5 hash of the public key to ensure that it matches with what is in a CSR or private key
openssl x509 -noout -modulus -in certificate.crt | openssl md5
openssl rsa -noout -modulus -in privateKey.key | openssl md5
openssl req -noout -modulus -in CSR.csr | openssl md5
Check an SSL connection. All the certificates (including Intermediates) should be displayed
openssl s_client -connect www.paypal.com:443
Converting Using OpenSSL
These commands allow you to convert certificates and keys to different formats to make them compatible with specific types of servers or software. For example, you can convert a normal PEM file that would work with Apache to a PFX (PKCS#12) file and use it with Tomcat or IIS. Use our SSL Converter to convert certificates without messing with OpenSSL.
Convert a DER file (.crt .cer .der) to PEM
openssl x509 -inform der -in certificate.cer -out certificate.pem
Convert a PEM file to DER
openssl x509 -outform der -in certificate.pem -out certificate.der
Convert a PKCS#12 file (.pfx .p12) containing a private key and certificates to PEM
openssl pkcs12 -in keyStore.pfx -out keyStore.pem -nodes
You can add -nocerts to only output the private key or add -nokeys to only output the certificates.
Convert a PEM certificate file and a private key to PKCS#12 (.pfx .p12)
openssl pkcs12 -export -out certificate.pfx -inkey privateKey.key -in certificate.crt -certfile CACert.crt
